In France, parties have the sole power to delimit the scope of the disputes brought before the courts. In the absence of discovery proceedings, they are also tasked with providing the evidence to back up the demands brought before the courts. The judge may however take any legally admissible measure that appears necessary to the …
Introduction The traditional way of assessing distinctiveness is strictly focused on the specific national market in which the trademark and product occur, so that a trademark may very well be distinctive in a given market and not distinctive in another. In this article, we challenge this traditional approach and investigate more closely if specific circumstances …
There is a continuously rising number of IP litigation cases in China in the past five years. For example, the number of civil, administrative and criminal IP cases newly filed before the courts in 2018 reached 334,951, according to the Annual Report on the Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights of Chinese Courts (2018), which …
